Recent Literature

The goal of the medical education literature review is to highlight important and relevant articles which we hope educate and enrich our members. The articles are curated quarterly by members of the AUPO Directors of Medical Student Education Council Literature Review Committee.

Geographic Trends in the Ophthalmology Residency Match: Influence of Program and Applicant Characteristics

Samuel A. Cohen, Suzann Pershing
January 2022

The article highlights the associations with residents training at the residency program affiliated with their medical school and/or within the same geographic region as their medical school. This can be helpful in advising our medical students on where to apply.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Medical Education in Ophthalmology

Nita G. Valikodath, Emily Cole, Daniel S.W. Ting, J. Peter Campbell, Louis R. Pasquale, Michael F. Chiang, and R. V. Paul Chan, on behalf of the American Academy of Ophthalmology Task Force on Artificial Intelligence
June 2021

The authors recognize the impact that AI will have on the practice of ophthalmology. Yet they acknowledge that many physicians are not knowledgeable about AI, especially the opportunities, potential pitfalls and the influence that it will have on daily practice. The authors review the current status of ophthalmology AI and give recommendations for designing an effective AI curriculum.

Innovations in Ophthalmology Education: a Particular Instantiation of General Principles

Phillip X. Braun, John Encandela and Ninani Kombo
November 2020

This paper reassesses the role of traditional lecture during dynamic times in medical education and in the context of the need for efficient education of medical students. The authors highlight the fact that students have access to many sources of information. They recommend incorporating extra institutional resources, micro lectures and lecturer training to optimize preclinical instruction in ophthalmology.

Twelve Tips for Teaching Ophthalmology in the Undergraduate Curriculum

Nisha Chadha and Holly Gooding
January 2021

This paper offers twelve recommendations for novel approaches to integrating ophthalmology content into the undergraduate medical school curriculum. Includes strategies that employ social media and online resources.

Advancing Ophthalmology Medical Student Education: International Insights and Strategies for Enhanced Teaching

Tony Succar PhD, MSc, Med (OphthSc); John Grigg MBBS, MD; Hilary A. Beaver MD; Andrew G. Lee MD
March 2020

Enhancing medical student education in ophthalmology can lead to improved eye health care delivery and patient outcomes across all primary care and specialty disciplines. There has been a resurgence of interest in delivering high-quality ophthalmic medical student education. This educational revival is both timely and topical. A general consensus has emerged that, rather than focusing solely on increasing teaching time, strategies are needed to focus on how to optimize the limited time allotted to ophthalmology.

The Coalition for Physician Accountability's Undergraduate Medical Education-Graduate Medical Education Review Committee (UGRC)

Coalition for Physician Accountability
September 2021

The Coalition for Physician Accountability is comprised of national organizations responsible for oversight, education and assessment of medical students and physicians throughout their medical career. The coalition's mission is to improve the quality of healthcare for the public. A new coalition committee was created in 2020 to focus on the UME to GME transition, shifting attention from residency matching to learner competency and readiness for residency training.

The State of Ophthalmology Medical Student Education in the United States: An Update

Nathaniel R Moxon, Anju Goyal, JoAnn A Giaconi, Jamie B Rosenberg, Emily B Graubart, Evan L Waxman, Daniel Knoch, Susan H Forster, Privthi S Sankar, Rukhsana G Mirza
November 2020

This review was authored by many members of the AUPO Medical Student Educators to provide a continued assessment of ophthalmic medical student education. The report detailed findings of a 2018 survey of medical student educators. Findings included: 

Training in the Year of the Eye: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmic Education

Shaunak K Bakshi, Allen C Ho, James Chodosh, Adrian T Fung, R V Paul Chan, and Daniel Shu Wei Ting
September 2020

An editorial detailing the worldwide impact on ophthalmic education at all levels. The discussion reviews changes in clinical experiences, the use of virtual conferencing and education and future challenges.

Incorporating a Virtual Curriculum into Ophthalmology Education in the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Era

Mishra K, Boland MV, Woreta FA
September 2020

Purpose of review:  The purpose of this review is to describe the transition of ophthalmology education to a virtual curriculum during the COVID-19 pandemic. We highlight innovative solutions ophthalmic educators implemented for medical students, residents, and fellows. 

Anticipating the Impact of the USMLE Step 1 Pass/Fail Scoring Decision on Underrepresented-in-Medicine Students

McDade, William MD, PhD; Vela, Monica B. MD; Sánchez, J.P. MD, MPH
September 2020

Three-digit United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 scores have assumed an outsized role in residency selection decisions, creating intense pressure for medical students to obtain a high score on this exam. In February 2020, the Federation of State Medical Boards and the National Board of Medical Examiners announced that Step 1 would transition to pass/fail scoring beginning in 2022.